14:1 Jonathan goes and miraculously smites the Philistine's garrison;
14:15 A divine terror makes them beat themselves;
14:17 Saul, not staying the priest's answer, sets on them;
14:21 The captivated Hebrews, and the hidden Israelites, join against them;
14:24 Saul's unadvised adjuration hinders the victory;
14:31 He restrains the people from eating blood;
14:35 He builds an altar;
14:37 Jonathan, taken by lot, is save by the people;
14:47 Saul's victories, strength, and family. Verse 1am 2917, bc 1087, An, Ex, Is 404it came to pass upon a dayor, there was a dayJonathan1 Samuel 14:39-45, 13:2, 13:22, 18:1-4; 2 Samuel 1:4, 1:5, 1:25, 1:26 he told not1 Samuel 25:19; Judges 6:27, 14:6; Micah 7:5ReciprocalGenesis 49:27 - a wolf; 1 Samuel 13:3 - the garrison; 13:23 - passage; 31:2 - Jonathan; 2 Samuel 8:6 - garrisons; 23:14 - garrison; 1 Chronicles 9:39 - and Saul; 18:13 - garrisons Verse 2in the uttermost1 Samuel 13:15, 13:16; Isaiah 10:28, 10:29 a pomegranateThe word rimmon, in Arabic romman, whence the Portuguese romaa, denotes the pomegranate, both tree and fruit; called by naturalists malus punica or malo-granatum. It is, according to the Linnean system, a genus of the icosandria monogynia class of plants; and is a low tree, growing very common in Palestine, and other parts of the East. It has several small angular boughs, very thick and bushy, covered with a reddish bark, and some of them armed with sharp thorns. They are garnished with small, narrow, spear-shaped leaves, like those of the myrtle, but not so sharp, of a green colour, inclining to red. Its blossoms are large, beautiful, of an elegant red colour, inclining to purple, composed of several stalks resembling a rose, in the hollow of the cup: this cup is oblong, hard, purple, having a figure somewhat like that of a bell. It is chiefly valued for its fruit, which is exceedingly beautiful, of the form and size of a large apple, with a reddish rind, and red within; being full of small kernels, with red grains, replenished with a generous liquor, of which, Sir John Chardin informs us, they still make considerable quantities of wine in the East, particularly in Persia. But as the pomegranate tree, from its low growth, is but little adapted for pitching a tent under, it is probable that Rimmon here is the name of the rock mentioned in Judges 20:45.Reciprocal1 Samuel 11:4 - to Gibeah; 1 Kings 20:15 - seven thousand; 20:27 - like two Verse 3Ahiah1 Samuel 22:9-12, 22:20, called Ahimelech.Ichabod's4:21 wearing2:28; Exodus 28:26-32Reciprocal1 Samuel 2:31 - I will cut; 21:1 - to Ahimelech; 23:6 - an ephod; 1 Chronicles 6:7 - Ahitub; Hosea 3:4 - ephod Verse 4the passages1 Samuel 13:23Reciprocal14:5 - forefront; Job 39:28 - upon; Isaiah 10:29 - the passage Verse 5forefrontHeb. tooth, 1 Samuel 14:4, Bozez, i.e. shining, Seneh, i.e. a bush or toothReciprocal13:2 - Michmash; 13:11 - Michmash; 13:23 - passage; 1 Chronicles 3:6 - Eliphelet; Isaiah 10:28 - Michmash Verse 6ComeThis action of Jonathan's was totally contrary to the laws of war; no military operation should be undertaken without the knowledge and command of the general. But it is highly probable, that this gallant man was led to undertake the hazardous enterprise by an immediate divine impulse; and by the same influence was kept from informing the soldiers, and even from consulting his father, who might have opposed his design.uncircumcised1 Samuel 17:26, 17:36; Genesis 17:7-11; Judges 15:18; 2 Samuel 1:20; Jeremiah 9:23, 9:26; Ephesians 2:11, 2:12; Philippians 3:3 it may be2 Samuel 16:12; 2 Kings 19:4; Amos 5:15; Zephaniah 2:3 for there is no restraintWhere there is a promise of defense and support, the weakest, in the face of the strongest enemy, may rely upon it with the utmost confidence. Deuteronomy 32:30; Judges 7:4-7; 2 Chronicles 14:11; Psalm 115:1-3; Zechariah 4:6; Matthew 19:26; Romans 8:31ReciprocalGenesis 18:14 - Is; 34:14 - uncircumcised; Leviticus 26:8 - General; Numbers 31:4 - a thousand; Joshua 5:9 - I rolled away; 14:12 - if so be; 23:10 - One man; Judges 1:4 - Lord; 7:2 - too many; 7:7 - General; 14:3 - uncircumcised; 15:15 - slew; 1 Samuel 7:13 - against; 17:32 - thy; 17:47 - the battle; 26:6 - Who will go; 31:4 - uncircumcised; 2 Samuel 1:22 - the bow; 8:6 - garrisons; 10:12 - Be of good; 23:10 - the Lord; 23:14 - garrison; 1 Kings 20:11 - Let not him; 20:15 - two hundred; 1 Chronicles 10:2 - Jonathan; 10:4 - uncircumcised; 19:13 - of good; 2 Chronicles 20:12 - we have; 25:8 - God hath power; Psalm 44:7 - But; Isaiah 37:4 - It may; Jeremiah 21:2 - according; Acts 10:7 - two Verse 7Do all1 Samuel 10:7; 2 Samuel 7:3; Psalm 46:7; Zechariah 8:23Reciprocal1 Samuel 14:40 - Do what seemeth; 26:6 - Who will go; Acts 10:7 - two Verse 8we will passJudges 7:9-14ReciprocalGenesis 24:14 - thereby; Judges 7:11 - thou shalt; Psalm 33:16 - no king Verse 9theyGenesis 24:13, 24:14; Judges 6:36-40 TarryHeb. Be stillReciprocalGenesis 15:8 - General; 2 Samuel 5:24 - thou shalt bestir; 1 Chronicles 14:15 - then thou Verse 10this shall be a sign1 Samuel 10:7; Genesis 24:14; Judges 7:11; Isaiah 7:11-14ReciprocalGenesis 15:8 - General; Judges 1:4 - Lord; 1 Samuel 14:12 - Come up to us Verse 11out of the holes1 Samuel 14:22, 13:6; Judges 6:2Reciprocal1 Kings 20:18 - General; Nehemiah 4:2 - feeble; Isaiah 2:19 - And they; Jeremiah 34:9 - Hebrew; 41:9 - because of Gedaliah; Micah 7:17 - move; Nahum 3:11 - thou shalt be hid Verse 12Come up to usMeaning, that they would cause them to repent of their audacity. This was the favourable sign which Jonathan had requested. 1 Samuel 14:10, 17:43, 17:44; 2 Samuel 2:14-17; 2 Kings 14:8 Come up after meGenesis 24:26, 24:27, 24:42, 24:48; Judges 4:14, 7:15; 2 Samuel 5:24ReciprocalJoshua 23:10 - One man; Judges 7:11 - thou shalt; 2 Samuel 10:12 - Be of good; 1 Kings 20:11 - Let not him; 20:18 - General; Nehemiah 4:2 - feeble Verse 13climbed upPsalm 18:29; Habakkuk 3:1 fellLeviticus 26:7, 26:8; Deuteronomy 28:7, 32:30; Joshua 23:10; Romans 8:31Reciprocal2 Samuel 1:25 - How; 1 Kings 20:11 - Let not him; 20:20 - the Syrians Verse 14an half acre of landor, half a furrow of an acre of land, The original is obscure and variously understood; but it is probably a proverbial expression for a small space. 1 Samuel 14:14ReciprocalJudges 15:15 - slew; 2 Samuel 17:9 - some Verse 15there was tremblingJoshua 2:9; Judges 7:21; 2 Kings 7:6, 7:7; Job 18:11; Psalm 14:5 the spoilers1 Samuel 13:17, 13:23 the earth quakedExodus 19:18; Matthew 24:6, 27:50, 27:51 very great tremblingHeb. trembling of God, Genesis 35:5; Leviticus 26:36, 26:37; 2 Samuel 5:24; Daniel 5:6
God will in some way or other direct the steps of those who acknowledge him in all their ways, and seek unto him for direction with full purpose of heart. Sometimes we find most comfort in that which is least our own doing, and into which we have been led by the unexpected, but well observed, turns of Providence.ReciprocalGenesis 30:8 - great wrestlings; Exodus 23:27 - my fear; Deuteronomy 32:30 - one chase; 2 Samuel 8:6 - garrisons; 17:9 - some; 1 Kings 19:11 - an earthquake; 2 Chronicles 14:14 - the fear; Job 1:16 - The fire of God; Psalm 36:6 - great mountains; 53:5 - There; Zechariah 14:13 - a great Verse 16melted awayPsalm 58:7, 68:2 beating down1 Samuel 14:20; Judges 7:22; 2 Chronicles 20:22-25; Isaiah 19:2ReciprocalExodus 15:15 - melt; Leviticus 26:37 - they shall; Joshua 2:9 - faint; Jeremiah 13:14 - I will dash; 51:46 - ruler against; Haggai 2:22 - every Verse 18Bring hitherThe Septuagint reads, Προσαγαγε το εφουδ, οτι αυτος ηρε το εφουδ εν τη ημερα εκεινη ενωπιον Ισραηλ.. "Bring hither the ephod; for he bore the ephod on that day before Israel," which Houbigant and others think is the true reading. Finding that his son Jonathan and his armour-bearer were absent, Saul wished to consult the high-priest; but the tumult increasing, he says to him, "Withdraw thine hand:" i.e., desist form consulting the ephod on the present occasion, and immediately hastened to make the best use he could of this astonishing victory. 1 Samuel 4:3-5, 30:8; Numbers 27:21; Judges 20:18, 20:23, 20:27, 20:28; 2 Samuel 11:11, 15:24-26 For the ark1 Samuel 5:2, 7:1ReciprocalNumbers 31:6 - the holy instruments; Deuteronomy 20:2 - General; Joshua 9:14 - asked not; 1 Samuel 13:9 - he offered; 23:6 - an ephod; 23:9 - Bring; 1 Kings 22:5 - Inquire; 1 Chronicles 13:3 - we inquired Verse 19noiseor, tumultWithdraw1 Samuel 14:24, 13:11; Joshua 9:14; Psalm 106:13; Isaiah 28:16Reciprocal9:5 - confused noise Verse 20assembled themselvesHeb. were cried togetherevery man's1 Samuel 14:16; Judges 7:22; 2 Chronicles 20:23; Isaiah 9:19-21, 19:2ReciprocalDeuteronomy 28:20 - vexation; 1 Samuel 7:13 - against; 30:10 - so faint; 1 Kings 20:21 - went out; 2 Chronicles 20:22 - to sing and to; Isaiah 9:21 - Ephraim; Ezekiel 38:21 - every Verse 21the HebrewsProbably such as they held in bondage, or who were their servants. Instead of (haivrim ) "the Hebrews," the LXX evidently read haavdim, for they have οι δουλοι, "the slaves;" but this reading is not countenanced by any other version, nor by any manuscript 1 Samuel 29:4; Judges 7:23Reciprocal1 Samuel 17:52 - the men of Israel Verse 22hid themselves1 Samuel 13:6, 31:7 the battleThe LXX and Vulgate add here, και πας ο λαος ην μετα Σαουλ ως δεκα χιλιαδες ανδρων, Et erant cum Saul, quasi decem millia virorum. "And (all the people who were, LXX) there were with Saul about ten thousand men;" but this is supported by no other authority.ReciprocalJudges 7:23 - General; 1 Samuel 14:11 - out of the holes; 17:52 - the men of Israel; 31:2 - followed; Jeremiah 41:9 - because of Gedaliah Verse 23the LordExodus 14:30; Judges 2:18; 2 Kings 14:27; Psalm 44:6-8; Hosea 1:7 Bethaven1 Samuel 13:5Reciprocal14:45 - who hath; 2 Samuel 23:10 - the Lord; 1 Chronicles 11:14 - and the Lord Verse 24Cursed1 Samuel 14:27-30; Leviticus 27:29; Numbers 21:2; Deuteronomy 27:15-26; Joshua 6:17-19, 6:26; Judges 11:30; 11:31, 21:1-5; Proverbs 11:9; Romans 10:2; 1 Corinthians 16:22 I may beJudges 5:2, 1:28; Psalm 18:47ReciprocalGenesis 26:31 - sware; 27:13 - Upon; 28:20 - vowed; 31:32 - For Jacob; Leviticus 5:4 - to do evil; 27:28 - no devoted; Numbers 5:21 - an oath; Deuteronomy 23:23 - hast vowed; Judges 2:15 - greatly; 17:2 - cursedst; 1 Samuel 14:19 - Withdraw; 14:28 - Cursed; 14:39 - General; 18:25 - to be avenged; 1 Kings 22:16 - shall I adjure; 2 Chronicles 18:15 - shall I adjure; Proverbs 18:7 - his lips; Ecclesiastes 5:2 - not rash; Matthew 14:9 - the oath's; 26:63 - I adjure; 26:74 - began; Acts 19:13 - adjure; 23:12 - that; Romans 9:3 - were Verse 25all theyDeuteronomy 9:28; Matthew 3:5 honeyThis was wild honey, which to this day abounds in Judea; and bursting from the comb, runs down the hollow trees, rocks, etc. Exodus 3:8; Numbers 13:27; Matthew 3:4ReciprocalJudges 14:9 - General; Psalm 81:16 - honey; Proverbs 25:16 - Hast Verse 26the peopleEcclesiastes 9:2ReciprocalPsalm 19:10 - honeycomb; 81:16 - honey; Matthew 26:63 - I adjure Verse 27his eyes1 Samuel 14:29, 30:12; Proverbs 25:26ReciprocalLeviticus 4:2 - through; Judges 19:5 - Comfort; 1 Samuel 14:24 - Cursed; 14:43 - I did but; Ezra 9:8 - lighten; Psalm 13:3 - lighten; 38:10 - the light; Acts 23:12 - that Verse 28Cursed1 Samuel 14:24, 14:43 faintor, wearyReciprocalGenesis 25:29 - and he; Joshua 6:18 - make the camp; Judges 8:4 - faint; 17:2 - cursedst; 18:14 - Then; 21:1 - There; 21:7 - sworn; 2 Samuel 16:2 - that such; Proverbs 26:2 - so; Ecclesiastes 9:18 - sinner; Matthew 14:9 - the oath's; 15:32 - lest; 26:63 - I adjure; Mark 8:3 - General; Acts 23:12 - that Verse 29My father1 Kings 18:18 seeIt is well known, that hunger and fatigue produce faintness and dim the sight; and on taking a little food, this affection is immediately removed.ReciprocalJudges 8:4 - faint; 21:1 - There; 21:7 - sworn; 1 Samuel 14:27 - his eyes; Ezra 9:8 - lighten; Psalm 13:3 - lighten; Proverbs 26:2 - so; Ecclesiastes 9:18 - sinner; Jeremiah 14:6 - their Verse 30had thereEcclesiastes 9:18

Verse 31from MichmashThe distance, Calmet states to be three or four leagues.AijalonJoshua 10:12, 19:42ReciprocalGenesis 25:29 - and he; Judges 8:4 - faint; 1 Samuel 13:2 - Michmash; 30:10 - so faint; Isaiah 10:28 - Michmash Verse 32flew1 Samuel 15:19 the peopleThe people having abstained from food the whole of the day, and being now faint through hunger and fatigue, they flew upon the cattle, and not taking time to bleed them properly, they eagerly devoured the flesh with the blood, directly contrary to the law - another bad effect of Saul's rash adjuration.did eatGenesis 9:4; Leviticus 3:17, 7:26, 7:27, 17:10-14, 19:26; Deuteronomy 12:16, 12:23, 12:24; Ezekiel 33:25; Acts 15:20, 15:29ReciprocalLeviticus 4:13 - the whole congregation; 17:13 - pour out; Deuteronomy 15:23 - General; Judges 8:4 - faint Verse 33transgressedor, dealt treacherously, Matthew 7:5; Romans 2:1ReciprocalLeviticus 7:26 - ye shall eat; 17:10 - that eateth Verse 34with himHeb. in his hand, 1 Samuel 14:34ReciprocalGenesis 9:4 - the life; Leviticus 7:26 - ye shall eat Verse 35builtIt is probable that Saul converted the great stone, on which the cattle had been slaughtered, into an altar, on which sacrifices were offered, before the people attempted to proceed any further. This we are told was the first he had built. Samuel, as a prophet and priest, had hitherto erected the altars, but Saul seems to have thought he had sufficient authority to erect one himself, without the prophet, as he had once offered sacrifice without him. 1 Samuel 7:9, 7:17; Judges 21:4; Hosea 8:14; 2 Timothy 3:5 the sameetc. Heb. that altar he began to build unto the LordReciprocalExodus 32:5 - Aaron Verse 36Let us goJoshua 10:9-14, 10:19; Jeremiah 6:5 let us not leave1 Samuel 11:11; Joshua 11:14 Then said the priestIt is evident that Ahiah, who had before been interrupted by Saul's impatience, doubted of the propriety of pursuing the Philistines that night, and properly counselled them to enquire of the Lord. Numbers 27:21; Psalm 73:28; Isaiah 48:1, 48:2, 58:2; Malachi 2:7; James 4:8ReciprocalGenesis 27:13 - Upon; 1 Samuel 14:40 - Do what seemeth; 23:6 - an ephod; 2 Kings 3:27 - they departed; 1 Chronicles 13:3 - we inquired; Ecclesiastes 9:18 - sinner; John 10:35 - unto Verse 37Shall I go1 Samuel 23:4, 23:9-12, 30:7, 30:8; Judges 1:1, 20:18, 20:28; 2 Samuel 5:19, 5:23; 1 Kings 22:5, 22:15 he answered1 Samuel 28:6; Ezekiel 14:3-5, 20:3Reciprocal1 Samuel 23:6 - an ephod; 2 Kings 4:31 - neither voice; Micah 3:7 - no; John 10:35 - unto Verse 38Draw ye near1 Samuel 10:19, 10:20; Joshua 7:14-26 chiefHeb. corners, Numbers 24:17; Judges 20:2; 2 Samuel 18:3; Psalm 47:9; Zechariah 10:4; Matthew 21:42; Ephesians 2:20ReciprocalLeviticus 27:28 - no devoted; Joshua 7:15 - he that is; Isaiah 19:13 - stay; Jonah 1:7 - for; John 5:12 - What Verse 391 Samuel 14:24, 14:44, 19:6, 20:31, 22:16, 28:10; 2 Samuel 12:5; Ecclesiastes 9:2ReciprocalGenesis 2:17 - surely; Joshua 7:15 - he that is; 1 Samuel 14:1 - Jonathan; 2 Samuel 14:21 - I have done; 1 Kings 1:29 - As the; 17:12 - As the Lord; 2 Kings 5:20 - as the Lord liveth; 1 Chronicles 10:2 - Jonathan; Job 27:2 - God liveth; Jonah 1:7 - for; Matthew 14:9 - the oath's Verse 40Do what seemeth1 Samuel 14:7, 14:36; 2 Samuel 15:15Reciprocal1 Chronicles 10:2 - Jonathan; Ezekiel 24:6 - let no; Acts 23:12 - that Verse 41ThereforeBoth the Septuagint and Vulgate add much to this verse:
Και ειπε Σαουλ, Κυριε ο Θεος Ισραηλ, τι οτι ουκ απεκριθης τω δουλω σου σημερον; ει εν εμοι η εν Ιωναθαν τω υιω μου η αδικια, Κυριε ο Θεος Ισραηλ δος δηλους και εαν ταδε ειπη, δος δη τω λαω σου Ισραηλ, δος δη οσιοτητα, κ.τ.λ.
Et dixit Saul ad Dominum Deum Israel; Domine Deus Israel da indicium: quid est quod non responderis servo tuo hodie? Si in me, aut in Jonatha filio meo est iniquitas hec, da ostensionem: aut si hec iniquitas est in populo tuo, da sanctitatem, etc.

"And Saul said (to the Lord God of Israel, Vulg.) Lord God of Israel (give a sign, Vulg.). Why is it that thou has not answered thy servant today? If the iniquity be in me, or in my son Jonathan, (O Lord God of Israel, LXX) make it manifest; and if thou say thus, give to thy people Israel, give mercy," etc., (but Vulg. Or, if this iniquity be in thy people, give sanctification," etc.)Give a perfect lotor, Shew the innocent, Proverbs 16:33; Acts 1:24 And Saul1 Samuel 10:20, 10:21; Joshua 7:16-18; Jonah 1:7 escapedHeb. went forthReciprocalLeviticus 16:8 - cast lots; Joshua 18:8 - that I may here; Judges 20:9 - by lot against it; 1 Chronicles 25:8 - cast lots; Acts 1:26 - they Verse 42ReciprocalLeviticus 16:8 - cast lots; Joshua 7:18 - was taken; Judges 20:9 - by lot against it; 1 Chronicles 25:8 - cast lots; Proverbs 16:33 - General; 18:18 - General; Jonah 1:7 - and let; Acts 1:26 - they Verse 43Tell meJoshua 7:19; Jonah 1:7-10 I did but1 Samuel 14:27ReciprocalGenesis 12:18 - General; 31:26 - What; 50:5 - I die; 1 Samuel 14:28 - Cursed; Jonah 1:8 - Tell Verse 44God1 Samuel 25:22; Ruth 1:17; 2 Samuel 3:9, 19:13 thou shalt1 Samuel 14:39; Genesis 38:24; 2 Samuel 12:5, 12:31; Proverbs 25:16ReciprocalGenesis 2:17 - surely; Judges 11:31 - shall surely; 11:35 - I cannot; 1 Samuel 22:16 - Thou shalt; 2 Samuel 21:2 - in his zeal; 1 Kings 2:23 - God; 2 Kings 6:31 - God do so; Romans 9:3 - were Verse 45who hath1 Samuel 14:23, 19:5; Nehemiah 9:27 there shall notThe people judged rightly, that the guilt was contracted by Saul, and not by Jonathan; and therefore they rescued him from the hands of his rash and severe father. 2 Samuel 14:11; 1 Kings 1:52; Matthew 10:30; Luke 21:18; Acts 27:34 he hath2 Chronicles 19:11; Isaiah 13:3; Acts 14:27, 15:12, 21:19; Romans 15:18; 1 Corinthians 3:9; 2 Corinthians 6:1; Philippians 2:12, 2:13; Revelation 17:14, 19:14 the peopleIsaiah 29:20, 29:21ReciprocalJudges 11:35 - I cannot; 21:7 - sworn; 1 Samuel 11:13 - There shall; 18:1 - the soul of Jonathan; 20:2 - God forbid; 22:17 - would not; 1 Kings 1:29 - As the; 17:12 - As the Lord; Job 27:2 - God liveth; Isaiah 26:18 - we have not; Luke 12:7 - even; Acts 7:25 - God; 1 Corinthians 7:24 - abide Verse 46Reciprocal1 Samuel 17:1 - gathered Verse 47Saul1 Samuel 13:1 fought2 Kings 14:27 Ammon1 Samuel 11:11, 12:2 Zobah2 Samuel 10:6; 1 Kings 11:23Reciprocal1 Samuel 20:13 - he hath been with my father; 22:3 - the king; 2 Samuel 8:2 - he smote; 8:3 - Zobah; 1 Chronicles 18:3 - Zobah; 18:5 - Zobah; 19:6 - Zobah; 26:28 - Abner Verse 48gathered an hostor, wrought mightilysmote1 Samuel 15:3-7; Exodus 17:14; Deuteronomy 25:19ReciprocalNumbers 13:29 - Amalekites; 24:20 - his latter end; 1 Samuel 15:7 - smote Verse 49Jonathan1 Samuel 31:2; 1 Chronicles 8:33, 9:39 name of the firstborn1 Samuel 18:7-21, 25:44; 2 Samuel 3:13-16, 6:20-23Reciprocal1 Chronicles 10:2 - Abinadab Verse 50the name of the captain1 Samuel 17:55; 2 Samuel 2:8, 3:27 AbnerHeb. AbinerReciprocal1 Samuel 26:5 - Abner; 2 Samuel 3:38 - a prince; 1 Chronicles 8:33 - Ner; 9:39 - Ner; 27:21 - Abner Verse 51Kish1 Samuel 9:1, 9:21Reciprocal26:5 - Abner; 2 Samuel 3:38 - a prince; 1 Chronicles 8:33 - Ner; 9:39 - Ner; 27:21 - Abner Verse 52when Saul1 Samuel 8:1, 8:11Reciprocal8:9 - the manner; 13:2 - chose; 17:1 - gathered; 18:5 - the men of war; Song of Songs 3:7 - threescore; Ezekiel 25:15 - to destroy